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Public Administration (P.A.) is a diverse field of study and practice involving the analysis and design of public policies, public services, and public management. The goal of PA is to develop systems that effectively serve the welfare needs of all people in an equitable manner. P.A. aims to promote democracy and good governance through participation by government officials and other stakeholders in the development and implementation processes for policies, programs, projects, and other initiatives that affect well-being now as well as potential long-term consequences for future generations. P.A. is a field of study and practice that is essential in the process of governing a nation. Public administration has four main components: The Policy Studies, Organizational Studies, Political Science, and Public Law. In this course, the focus is on the Public Policy discipline that deals with studying and designing policies that affect well-being today as well as future generations. In order to be effective in public administration, students must have a basic knowledge of public law/ constitutional law/ federalism/ states' rights/ international law. Moreover, students would also need to study various areas including politics, economics , sociology , psychology ,demographics , public health .Geography & environmental science . International relations . English as it’s the only universal language The focus of this course is Public Administration as a field of study and practice. The course encompasses the following: Some definitions of Public Administration: Public administration is the implementation and execution of government policy and programs. It includes all activities which deal with transfer payment, grants and procurement. It also involves the management and supervision of government personnel and resources for the execution and delivery of policies into programs that affect public welfare now as well as future generations. Moreover, public administration includes evaluation analysis , follow-up procedures, research analysis , administrative data collection, dissemination to various levels (local, state federal) to ensure accountability. Public Administration is the process by which governments, through various institutions (such as public agencies), implement policies and programs that affect the welfare of their citizenry. It is made up of public administration theory, public administration practice,and public administration ethics. Public Administration was developed during the second Industrial Revolution (ca. 1820) and is rooted in classical and early modern political thought. Public administration has been labelled an emerging profession, which has been shaped by the changing nature of government policy making and execution. We can trace this back to Adam Smith’s influential "Wealth of Nations" (1776), which laid the foundation for what is now known as classical liberalism. The scholars William Leggett and Arthur Bentley, among others, took up Smith’s legacy and established public administration as a field of study in its own right in the 19th century. cfa1e77820
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